351 lines
13 KiB
Python
351 lines
13 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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import sys
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from direct.showbase.ShowBase import ShowBase
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from panda3d.core import (
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Point3, Point2, Vec3, Vec4, CardMaker, CollisionTraverser,
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CollisionHandlerQueue, CollisionNode, CollisionRay, CollisionSphere,
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BitMask32, PerspectiveLens
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)
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class ImprovedPickingTest(ShowBase):
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def __init__(self):
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ShowBase.__init__(self)
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# 相机设置
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self.cam.setPos(-3.87655, -188.38084, 82.602684)
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self.cam.lookAt(0, 0, 0)
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print("=== 改进的点击检测测试 ===")
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# 创建测试对象
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self.createTestObjects()
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# 测试各种点击检测方法
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self.testAllPickingMethods()
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def createTestObjects(self):
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"""创建测试对象"""
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self.objects = []
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# 创建几个测试立方体
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positions = [
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(0, 10, 3, "中心立方体"),
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(-5, 10, 3, "左侧立方体"),
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(5, 10, 3, "右侧立方体"),
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(0, 10, 8, "上方立方体"),
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(0, 15, 3, "远处立方体")
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]
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colors = [
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(1, 0, 0, 1), # 红色
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(0, 1, 0, 1), # 绿色
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(0, 0, 1, 1), # 蓝色
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(1, 1, 0, 1), # 黄色
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(1, 0, 1, 1), # 紫色
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]
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for i, ((x, y, z, name), color) in enumerate(zip(positions, colors)):
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# 创建立方体
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cm = CardMaker(f"cube_{i}")
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cm.setFrame(-1, 1, -1, 1)
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cube = self.render.attachNewNode(cm.generate())
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cube.setPos(x, y, z)
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cube.setScale(2, 2, 2)
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cube.setColor(*color)
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cube.setBillboardAxis()
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cube.setName(name)
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# 为每个对象添加球形碰撞体（用于精确的碰撞检测）
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collider = cube.attachNewNode(CollisionNode(f"cube_collider_{i}"))
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collider.node().addSolid(CollisionSphere(0, 0, 0, 2.0))
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collider.node().setFromCollideMask(BitMask32.bit(0))
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# 存储对象信息
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obj_info = {
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'node': cube,
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'name': name,
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'world_pos': Point3(x, y, z),
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'radius': 2.0,
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'collider': collider
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}
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self.objects.append(obj_info)
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print(f"创建 {name} 在位置 ({x}, {y}, {z})")
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# 方法1：改进的射线检测（从相机发出）
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def pickByRayFromCamera(self, mouseX, mouseY):
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"""使用从相机发出的射线进行检测"""
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print(f"\n=== 方法1: 从相机发出的射线检测 ===")
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# 获取窗口尺寸
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winWidth = self.win.getXSize()
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winHeight = self.win.getYSize()
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# 转换为归一化坐标
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normalizedX = (2.0 * mouseX / winWidth) - 1.0
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normalizedY = 1.0 - (2.0 * mouseY / winHeight)
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print(f"鼠标位置: ({mouseX}, {mouseY})")
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print(f"归一化坐标: ({normalizedX:.6f}, {normalizedY:.6f})")
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# 获取相机镜头
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lens = self.cam.node().getLens()
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# 计算射线在相机坐标系中的方向
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# 使用镜头的逆投影来获取正确的射线方向
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near_point = Point3()
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far_point = Point3()
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if lens.extrude(Point2(normalizedX, normalizedY), near_point, far_point):
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# 转换到世界坐标系
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near_world = self.cam.getRelativePoint(self.render, near_point)
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far_world = self.cam.getRelativePoint(self.render, far_point)
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# 计算射线方向
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ray_origin = near_world
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ray_direction = (far_world - near_world).normalized()
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print(f"射线起点 (相机近平面): {near_world}")
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print(f"射线方向: {ray_direction}")
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# 手动检测与对象的交集
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return self.intersectRayWithObjects(ray_origin, ray_direction)
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else:
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print("无法生成射线")
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return None
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def intersectRayWithObjects(self, ray_origin, ray_direction):
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"""手动计算射线与对象的交集"""
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closest_obj = None
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closest_distance = float('inf')
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for obj_info in self.objects:
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# 计算射线与球体的交点
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center = obj_info['world_pos']
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radius = obj_info['radius']
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# 射线到球心的向量
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oc = ray_origin - center
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# 二次方程系数
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a = ray_direction.dot(ray_direction)
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b = 2.0 * oc.dot(ray_direction)
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c = oc.dot(oc) - radius * radius
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# 判别式
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discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c
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if discriminant >= 0:
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# 有交点，计算距离
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sqrt_discriminant = discriminant ** 0.5
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t1 = (-b - sqrt_discriminant) / (2 * a)
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t2 = (-b + sqrt_discriminant) / (2 * a)
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# 取最近的正值交点
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t = t1 if t1 > 0 else t2
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if t > 0:
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distance = t
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if distance < closest_distance:
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closest_distance = distance
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closest_obj = obj_info
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print(f"{obj_info['name']}: 交点距离 {distance:.2f}")
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else:
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print(f"{obj_info['name']}: 在射线后方")
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else:
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print(f"{obj_info['name']}: 无交点")
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if closest_obj:
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print(f"选中: {closest_obj['name']}")
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else:
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print("没有选中任何对象")
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return closest_obj
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# 方法2：基于屏幕投影的检测
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def pickByProjection(self, mouseX, mouseY):
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"""使用屏幕投影进行检测"""
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print(f"\n=== 方法2: 屏幕投影检测 ===")
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closest_obj = None
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closest_distance = float('inf')
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for obj_info in self.objects:
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# 将3D位置投影到屏幕
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screenPos = self.worldToScreen(obj_info['world_pos'])
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if screenPos:
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screenX, screenY = screenPos
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# 计算屏幕半径
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screenRadius = self.getObjectScreenRadius(obj_info)
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# 计算鼠标到对象中心的距离
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dx = mouseX - screenX
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dy = mouseY - screenY
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distance = (dx * dx + dy * dy) ** 0.5
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print(f"{obj_info['name']}: 屏幕位置({screenX:.1f}, {screenY:.1f}), 半径{screenRadius:.1f}, 距离{distance:.1f}")
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# 检查是否在点击范围内
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if distance <= screenRadius and distance < closest_distance:
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closest_distance = distance
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closest_obj = obj_info
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else:
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print(f"{obj_info['name']}: 不在屏幕内")
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if closest_obj:
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print(f"选中: {closest_obj['name']}")
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else:
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print("没有选中任何对象")
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return closest_obj
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def worldToScreen(self, worldPos):
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"""将世界坐标转换为屏幕坐标"""
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lens = self.cam.node().getLens()
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camPos = self.cam.getRelativePoint(self.render, worldPos)
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screenPoint = Point2()
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if lens.project(camPos, screenPoint):
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winWidth = self.win.getXSize()
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winHeight = self.win.getYSize()
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pixelX = (screenPoint.getX() + 1.0) * winWidth * 0.5
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pixelY = (1.0 - screenPoint.getY()) * winHeight * 0.5
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return pixelX, pixelY
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return None
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def getObjectScreenRadius(self, obj_info):
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"""计算对象在屏幕上的半径"""
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worldPos = obj_info['world_pos']
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worldRadius = obj_info['radius']
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centerScreen = self.worldToScreen(worldPos)
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if not centerScreen:
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return 0
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edgePos = worldPos + Vec3(worldRadius, 0, 0)
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edgeScreen = self.worldToScreen(edgePos)
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if edgeScreen:
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return abs(edgeScreen[0] - centerScreen[0])
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return 0
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# 方法3：混合检测（投影预选 + 射线精确）
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def pickByHybrid(self, mouseX, mouseY):
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"""使用混合方法进行检测"""
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print(f"\n=== 方法3: 混合检测（投影预选 + 射线精确）===")
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# 第一步：使用投影快速预选
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candidates = []
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for obj_info in self.objects:
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screenPos = self.worldToScreen(obj_info['world_pos'])
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if screenPos:
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screenX, screenY = screenPos
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screenRadius = self.getObjectScreenRadius(obj_info)
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dx = mouseX - screenX
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dy = mouseY - screenY
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distance = (dx * dx + dy * dy) ** 0.5
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# 使用更大的容差进行预选
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tolerance = screenRadius * 1.5
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if distance <= tolerance:
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candidates.append((obj_info, distance))
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print(f"预选候选: {obj_info['name']}, 屏幕距离: {distance:.1f}")
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if not candidates:
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print("投影预选: 没有候选对象")
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return None
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# 第二步：对候选对象使用精确射线检测
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print("对候选对象进行精确射线检测:")
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winWidth = self.win.getXSize()
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winHeight = self.win.getYSize()
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normalizedX = (2.0 * mouseX / winWidth) - 1.0
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normalizedY = 1.0 - (2.0 * mouseY / winHeight)
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lens = self.cam.node().getLens()
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near_point = Point3()
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far_point = Point3()
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if lens.extrude(Point2(normalizedX, normalizedY), near_point, far_point):
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near_world = self.cam.getRelativePoint(self.render, near_point)
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far_world = self.cam.getRelativePoint(self.render, far_point)
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ray_origin = near_world
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ray_direction = (far_world - near_world).normalized()
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# 只检测候选对象
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closest_obj = None
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closest_distance = float('inf')
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for obj_info, _ in candidates:
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center = obj_info['world_pos']
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radius = obj_info['radius']
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oc = ray_origin - center
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a = ray_direction.dot(ray_direction)
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b = 2.0 * oc.dot(ray_direction)
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c = oc.dot(oc) - radius * radius
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discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c
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if discriminant >= 0:
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sqrt_discriminant = discriminant ** 0.5
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t1 = (-b - sqrt_discriminant) / (2 * a)
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t2 = (-b + sqrt_discriminant) / (2 * a)
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t = t1 if t1 > 0 else t2
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if t > 0 and t < closest_distance:
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closest_distance = t
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closest_obj = obj_info
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print(f" {obj_info['name']}: 精确射线距离 {t:.2f}")
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if closest_obj:
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print(f"最终选中: {closest_obj['name']}")
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else:
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print("精确检测: 没有有效交点")
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return closest_obj
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return None
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def testAllPickingMethods(self):
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"""测试所有点击检测方法"""
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print(f"\n=== 测试所有点击检测方法 ===")
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# 测试点击位置（模拟点击左侧立方体附近）
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test_clicks = [
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(372, 265, "左侧立方体附近"),
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(399, 265, "中心立方体附近"),
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(425, 265, "右侧立方体附近"),
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]
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for mouseX, mouseY, description in test_clicks:
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print(f"\n{'='*60}")
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print(f"测试位置: {description} ({mouseX}, {mouseY})")
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print(f"{'='*60}")
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# 方法1：从相机发出的射线
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result1 = self.pickByRayFromCamera(mouseX, mouseY)
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# 方法2：屏幕投影
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result2 = self.pickByProjection(mouseX, mouseY)
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# 方法3：混合方法
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result3 = self.pickByHybrid(mouseX, mouseY)
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# 比较结果
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print(f"\n--- 结果比较 ---")
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print(f"射线检测: {result1['name'] if result1 else '无'}")
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print(f"投影检测: {result2['name'] if result2 else '无'}")
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print(f"混合检测: {result3['name'] if result3 else '无'}")
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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app = ImprovedPickingTest()
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print("改进的点击检测测试完成") |