#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys from direct.showbase.ShowBase import ShowBase from panda3d.core import ( Point3, Vec3, Vec4, CardMaker, Texture, GraphicsOutput, FrameBufferProperties, WindowProperties, RenderState, ColorWriteAttrib, DepthTestAttrib, BitMask32, PNMImage, Camera, DisplayRegion, GraphicsStateGuardian, RenderState ) class ColorPickingTest(ShowBase): def __init__(self): ShowBase.__init__(self) # 相机设置 self.cam.setPos(-3.87655, -188.38084, 82.602684) self.cam.lookAt(0, 0, 0) print("=== 颜色编码点击检测测试 ===") # 创建测试对象 self.createTestObjects() # 设置颜色拾取缓冲区 self.setupColorPickingBuffer() # 测试颜色拾取 self.testColorPicking() def createTestObjects(self): """创建测试对象""" self.objects = [] self.id_to_object = {} # ID到对象的映射 # 创建几个测试立方体 positions = [ (0, 10, 3, "中心立方体"), (-5, 10, 3, "左侧立方体"), (5, 10, 3, "右侧立方体"), (0, 10, 8, "上方立方体"), (0, 15, 3, "远处立方体") ] display_colors = [ (1, 0, 0, 1), # 红色 (0, 1, 0, 1), # 绿色 (0, 0, 1, 1), # 蓝色 (1, 1, 0, 1), # 黄色 (1, 0, 1, 1), # 紫色 ] for i, ((x, y, z, name), display_color) in enumerate(zip(positions, display_colors)): obj_id = i + 1 # 从1开始编号 # 创建立方体 cm = CardMaker(f"cube_{i}") cm.setFrame(-1, 1, -1, 1) cube = self.render.attachNewNode(cm.generate()) cube.setPos(x, y, z) cube.setScale(2, 2, 2) cube.setColor(*display_color) cube.setBillboardAxis() cube.setName(name) # 为颜色拾取创建唯一颜色 # 将ID编码为RGB颜色 pick_color = self.encodeIdToColor(obj_id) # 存储对象信息 obj_info = { 'node': cube, 'name': name, 'world_pos': Point3(x, y, z), 'id': obj_id, 'pick_color': pick_color, 'display_color': display_color } self.objects.append(obj_info) self.id_to_object[obj_id] = obj_info print(f"创建 {name} 在位置 ({x}, {y}, {z}), ID: {obj_id}, 拾取颜色: {pick_color}") def encodeIdToColor(self, obj_id): """将对象ID编码为RGB颜色""" # 将ID分解为RGB分量（24位） r = (obj_id & 0xFF0000) >> 16 g = (obj_id & 0x00FF00) >> 8 b = (obj_id & 0x0000FF) # 转换为0-1范围的浮点数 return Vec4(r / 255.0, g / 255.0, b / 255.0, 1.0) def decodeColorToId(self, color): """将RGB颜色解码为对象ID""" if color is None: return 0 # 转换为0-255范围的整数 r = int(color[0] * 255 + 0.5) g = int(color[1] * 255 + 0.5) b = int(color[2] * 255 + 0.5) # 组合为ID obj_id = (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b return obj_id def setupColorPickingBuffer(self): """设置颜色拾取渲染缓冲区""" # 创建离屏渲染缓冲区 fbp = FrameBufferProperties() fbp.setRgbColor(True) fbp.setColorBits(8, 8, 8, 0) # RGB，不需要Alpha fbp.setDepthBits(24) wp = WindowProperties() wp.setSize(self.win.getXSize(), self.win.getYSize()) # 创建缓冲区 self.pick_buffer = self.graphicsEngine.makeOutput( self.pipe, "pick_buffer", -1, fbp, wp, GraphicsOutput.M_offscreen, self.win.getGsg(), self.win ) if self.pick_buffer is None: print("无法创建颜色拾取缓冲区") return # 创建拾取相机 self.pick_cam = self.makeCamera(self.pick_buffer) self.pick_cam.node().setLens(self.cam.node().getLens()) self.pick_cam.setPos(self.cam.getPos()) self.pick_cam.setHpr(self.cam.getHpr()) # 创建拾取场景（带有颜色编码的对象） self.pick_scene = self.render.attachNewNode("pick_scene") # 为每个对象创建拾取版本 for obj_info in self.objects: # 复制几何体 pick_node = obj_info['node'].copyTo(self.pick_scene) pick_node.setColor(obj_info['pick_color']) pick_node.setRenderModeWireframe(False) pick_node.setLightOff() # 关闭光照以确保颜色准确 # 设置拾取相机只渲染拾取场景 self.pick_cam.node().setCameraMask(BitMask32.allOn()) # 创建颜色纹理 self.pick_tex = Texture() self.pick_tex.setFormat(Texture.FRgb8) self.pick_buffer.addRenderTexture(self.pick_tex, GraphicsOutput.RTMCopyRam) print("颜色拾取缓冲区设置完成") def getColorAtPixel(self, mouseX, mouseY): """获取指定像素的颜色值""" if self.pick_buffer is None: return None # 获取窗口大小 winWidth = self.pick_buffer.getXSize() winHeight = self.pick_buffer.getYSize() # 确保坐标在窗口范围内 if mouseX < 0 or mouseX >= winWidth or mouseY < 0 or mouseY >= winHeight: return None # 强制渲染拾取缓冲区 self.pick_buffer.setActive(True) self.graphicsEngine.renderFrame() # 读取颜色纹理 if self.pick_tex.hasRamImage(): # 获取颜色图像 pnm = PNMImage() self.pick_tex.store(pnm) # Y坐标需要翻转（OpenGL坐标系） flippedY = winHeight - 1 - mouseY if flippedY < pnm.getYSize() and mouseX < pnm.getXSize(): # 获取颜色值 r = pnm.getRed(mouseX, flippedY) g = pnm.getGreen(mouseX, flippedY) b = pnm.getBlue(mouseX, flippedY) return (r, g, b) return None def pickObjectByColor(self, mouseX, mouseY): """使用颜色编码选择对象""" print(f"\n=== 颜色拾取: 鼠标位置 ({mouseX}, {mouseY}) ===") # 获取点击位置的颜色 color = self.getColorAtPixel(mouseX, mouseY) if color is None: print("无法读取颜色值") return None print(f"拾取颜色: RGB({color[0]:.3f}, {color[1]:.3f}, {color[2]:.3f})") # 解码颜色为对象ID obj_id = self.decodeColorToId(color) print(f"解码的对象ID: {obj_id}") # 查找对应的对象 if obj_id in self.id_to_object: obj_info = self.id_to_object[obj_id] print(f"选中对象: {obj_info['name']}") return obj_info else: print("没有找到对应的对象") return None def testColorPicking(self): """测试颜色拾取""" print(f"\n=== 颜色拾取测试 ===") # 等待几帧以确保场景渲染完成 for i in range(5): self.graphicsEngine.renderFrame() # 模拟不同的点击位置 test_clicks = [ (619, 362, "屏幕中心"), (400, 362, "屏幕偏左"), (800, 362, "屏幕偏右"), (619, 200, "屏幕上方"), (619, 500, "屏幕下方"), ] for mouseX, mouseY, description in test_clicks: print(f"\n--- 测试 {description}: ({mouseX}, {mouseY}) ---") selected = self.pickObjectByColor(mouseX, mouseY) if __name__ == "__main__": app = ColorPickingTest() print("颜色拾取测试完成")