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diff --git a/ui/interface_manager.py b/ui/interface_manager.py
index eb4fc379..d786dcb9 100644
--- a/ui/interface_manager.py
+++ b/ui/interface_manager.py
@@ -142,20 +142,121 @@ class InterfaceManager:
 
         lightItem = QTreeWidgetItem(sceneRoot,['灯光'])
 
-        BLACK_LIST={'','**','temp','collision'}
-
-        def should_skip(node):
-            name = node.getName()
-            return name in BLACK_LIST or name.startswith('__')
-
-        def addNodeToTree(node,parentItem,force=False):
-            if not force and should_skip(node):
+        # 用于跟踪已添加的节点，避免重复
+        added_nodes = set()
+        
+        # 检查是否有图标配置
+        if not hasattr(self, 'item_icons'):
+            self.item_icons = {
+                'model': None,
+                'geometry': None, 
+                'empty': None,
+                'default': None
+            }
+        
+        def _add_children_recursive(parent_item, node_path):
+            """递归添加子节点到树项 - 使用用户提供的有效方法"""
+            # 防止重复添加
+            node_id = id(node_path)
+            if node_id in added_nodes:
+                print(f"⚠️ 跳过重复节点: {node_path.getName()}")
                 return
-            nodeItem = QTreeWidgetItem(parentItem, [node.getName()])
-            nodeItem.setData(0,Qt.UserRole,node)
-
-            for child in node.getChildren():
-                addNodeToTree(child,nodeItem,force=False)
+            added_nodes.add(node_id)
+            
+            # 获取所有子节点
+            children = node_path.getChildren()
+            
+            for i in range(children.getNumPaths()):
+                child_node = children.getPath(i)
+                
+                # 跳过黑名单节点
+                child_name = child_node.getName()
+                if child_name in {'', '**', 'temp', 'collision'} or child_name.startswith('__'):
+                    continue
+                
+                # 创建子项
+                child_item = QTreeWidgetItem(parent_item)
+                display_name = child_name or f"Child_{i}"
+                child_item.setText(0, display_name)
+                
+                # 检查是否是几何节点并设置图标
+                if child_node.find("**/+GeomNode").isEmpty():
+                    # 不是几何节点
+                    if hasattr(self, 'item_icons') and self.item_icons.get('model'):
+                        child_item.setIcon(0, self.item_icons.get('model', self.item_icons['default']))
+                    display_name += " 📦"  # 模型节点标记
+                else:
+                    # 是几何节点
+                    if hasattr(self, 'item_icons') and self.item_icons.get('empty'):
+                        child_item.setIcon(0, self.item_icons.get('empty', self.item_icons['default'])) 
+                    display_name += " 🔷"  # 几何节点标记
+                
+                # 更新显示名称
+                child_item.setText(0, display_name)
+                
+                # 存储NodePath引用
+                child_item.setData(0, Qt.UserRole, child_node)
+                
+                # 添加节点信息到提示
+                node_info = []
+                if hasattr(child_node, 'node') and child_node.node():
+                    node_info.append(f"类型: {type(child_node.node()).__name__}")
+                if child_node.getNumChildren() > 0:
+                    node_info.append(f"子节点: {child_node.getNumChildren()}")
+                if hasattr(child_node, 'getTags') and child_node.getTags():
+                    tags = [f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in child_node.getTags().items()]
+                    node_info.append(f"标签: {', '.join(tags)}")
+                    
+                if node_info:
+                    child_item.setToolTip(0, "\n".join(node_info))
+                
+                print(f"+ 添加节点: {display_name}")
+                
+                # 递归处理子节点的子节点
+                if child_node.getNumChildren() > 0:
+                    _add_children_recursive(child_item, child_node)
+        
+        def addNodeToTree(node, parentItem, force=True):
+            """添加单个节点到树 - 包装函数"""
+            node_id = id(node)
+            if node_id in added_nodes:
+                print(f"⚠️ 跳过重复根节点: {node.getName()}")
+                return
+            added_nodes.add(node_id)
+            
+            # 创建根节点项
+            display_name = node.getName() or "<Unknown>"
+            
+            # 检查是否为GLB模型
+            is_glb_model = False
+            if hasattr(node, 'getTags'):
+                tags = node.getTags() if hasattr(node, 'getTags') else {}
+                is_glb_model = any('glb' in str(v).lower() or 'gltf' in str(v).lower() for v in tags.values())
+            if not is_glb_model:
+                node_name = node.getName().lower() if node.getName() else ""
+                is_glb_model = '.glb' in node_name or '.gltf' in node_name
+                
+            if is_glb_model:
+                display_name += " 🎯 GLB"
+                print(f"🎯 GLB模型检测到: {display_name}")
+            else:
+                display_name += " 📦"
+                print(f"📦 常规模型: {display_name}")
+            
+            nodeItem = QTreeWidgetItem(parentItem, [display_name])
+            nodeItem.setData(0, Qt.UserRole, node)
+            
+            # 添加根节点信息
+            node_info = []
+            if hasattr(node, 'node') and node.node():
+                node_info.append(f"类型: {type(node.node()).__name__}")
+            if node.getNumChildren() > 0:
+                node_info.append(f"子节点: {node.getNumChildren()}")
+            if node_info:
+                nodeItem.setToolTip(0, "\n".join(node_info))
+            
+            # 使用改进的递归方法处理子节点
+            _add_children_recursive(nodeItem, node)
 
         # 递归添加节点及其子节点
         # def addNodeToTree(node, parentItem):
@@ -177,9 +278,16 @@ class InterfaceManager:
         #         else:
         #             print(f"跳过节点: {child.getName()}")
 
+        # 清空去重集合
+        added_nodes.clear()
+        
         # 添加所有模型及其子节点
-        for model in self.world.models:
-            addNodeToTree(model, modelsItem,force=True)
+        print(f"\n=== 开始处理 {len(self.world.models)} 个模型 ===")
+        for i, model in enumerate(self.world.models):
+            model_name = model.getName() or f"Model_{i}"
+            print(f"\n--- 处理模型 {i+1}: {model_name} ---")
+            addNodeToTree(model, modelsItem, force=True)
+        print("=== 模型处理完成 ===")
 
         # 添加所有GUI元素
         for gui_element in self.world.gui_elements:
@@ -191,10 +299,15 @@ class InterfaceManager:
             guiElementItem.setData(0, Qt.UserRole, gui_element)
             print(f"添加GUI元素: {display_name}")
 
-        for light_element in self.world.Spotlight:
-            addNodeToTree(light_element,lightItem)
-        for light_element in self.world.Pointlight:
-            addNodeToTree(light_element,lightItem)
+        # 添加聚光灯
+        if hasattr(self.world, 'Spotlight'):
+            for light_element in self.world.Spotlight:
+                addNodeToTree(light_element, lightItem, force=True)
+        
+        # 添加点光源        
+        if hasattr(self.world, 'Pointlight'):
+            for light_element in self.world.Pointlight:
+                addNodeToTree(light_element, lightItem, force=True)
 
         # 添加地板节点
         if hasattr(self.world, 'ground'):