fix: remove transactions causing SQLITE_BUSY, add coding rules

- persistTask: 去掉事务，每个 Exec 原子即可
- saveAsset(profiles): 去掉事务，profile 和 units 分步保存
- CLAUDE.md: 加两条规则——不用事务除非必要；调试只加日志不改代码

CLAUDE.md

@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ The config preview rendering pipeline: merge template + profile + overlays → r
 - **No inline `onclick` with complex quoting** — use `data-*` attributes + event delegation instead.
 - **Use `pwsh`** for PowerShell commands (v7.6.1 in PATH, not `powershell.exe`).
 - **重启服务**：统一用 `pwsh -File scripts/managerd.ps1 restart`，它会先编译、停旧进程、再启动新进程并做健康检查。不要手动 kill + build + start。
+- **如无必要，不使用数据库事务**：SQLite 只允许一个写者，事务会阻塞所有其他写操作。单个 `Exec` 已是原子操作，绝大多数场景不需要包裹事务。仅模板重命名等必须原子完成的多步操作才用事务。
+- **调试时只加日志，不改代码**：遇到 bug 先用 `fmt.Printf` 全量打印关键路径的状态和数据流，定位根因后再动手修。不要猜测、不要加 workaround（重试、超时、锁之类）。
 
 ## 测试设备
 

internal/storage/assets_repo.go

@@ -523,8 +523,10 @@ WHERE body_json LIKE ?
 
 func (r *AssetsRepo) saveAsset(table string, record AssetRecord) error {
     if r == nil || r.db == nil {
+        fmt.Printf("[DB] saveAsset SKIP nil table=%s\n", table)
         return nil
     }
+    fmt.Printf("[DB] saveAsset table=%s name=%s\n", table, record.Name)
     now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
     switch table {
     case "templates", "overlays":
@@ -542,12 +544,8 @@ ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET
         if err != nil {
             return err
         }
-        tx, err := r.db.Begin()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        defer func() { _ = tx.Rollback() }()
-        _, err = tx.Exec(`
+        // Save profile row (atomic Exec, no transaction).
+        _, err = r.db.Exec(`
 INSERT INTO scene_templates(name, primary_template_name, business_name, description, body_json, created_at, updated_at)
 VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, COALESCE((SELECT created_at FROM scene_templates WHERE name = ?), ?), ?)
 ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET
@@ -560,12 +558,15 @@ ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET
         if err != nil {
             return err
         }
+        // Recognition units are saved separately via SaveRecognitionUnit.
+        // Only do replace logic here when called from the old profile editor UI
+        // (where units are embedded in the profile JSON and not saved separately).
         if replaceUnits {
-            if _, err := tx.Exec(`DELETE FROM recognition_units WHERE scene_template_name = ?`, normalized.Name); err != nil {
+            if _, err := r.db.Exec(`DELETE FROM recognition_units WHERE scene_template_name = ?`, normalized.Name); err != nil {
                 return err
             }
             for _, unit := range units {
-                if _, err := tx.Exec(`
+                if _, err := r.db.Exec(`
 INSERT INTO recognition_units(scene_template_name, name, display_name, site_name, video_source_ref, output_channel, rtsp_port, description, body_json, created_at, updated_at)
 VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, COALESCE((SELECT created_at FROM recognition_units WHERE scene_template_name = ? AND name = ?), ?), ?)
 ON CONFLICT(scene_template_name, name) DO UPDATE SET
@@ -582,7 +583,7 @@ ON CONFLICT(scene_template_name, name) DO UPDATE SET
                 }
             }
         }
-        return tx.Commit()
+        return nil
     default:
         return nil
     }
@@ -770,8 +771,10 @@ type DeviceFeatureRecord struct {
 // SaveDeviceFeatures upserts the feature selection for a device.
 func (r *AssetsRepo) SaveDeviceFeatures(deviceID string, featuresJSON string) error {
     if r == nil || r.db == nil {
+        fmt.Printf("[DB] SaveDeviceFeatures SKIP nil\n")
         return nil
     }
+    fmt.Printf("[DB] SaveDeviceFeatures device=%s val=%s\n", deviceID, featuresJSON)
     now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
     _, err := r.db.Exec(`
 INSERT INTO device_features(device_id, features_json, updated_at)

internal/storage/sqlite.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ func OpenSQLite(path string) (*Store, error) {
     if err != nil {
         return nil, err
     }
+
     if err := migrate(db); err != nil {
         _ = db.Close()
         return nil, err

internal/storage/tasks_repo.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ func (r *TasksRepo) Save(task *models.Task) error {
     if r == nil || r.db == nil || task == nil {
         return nil
     }
-
     task.Mu.RLock()
     payload, err := json.Marshal(task.Payload)
     if err != nil {
@@ -48,13 +47,8 @@ func (r *TasksRepo) Save(task *models.Task) error {
         finishedAt = now
     }
 
-    tx, err := r.db.Begin()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    defer tx.Rollback()
-
-    _, err = tx.Exec(`
+    // Update task row (atomic, no transaction needed).
+    _, err = r.db.Exec(`
 INSERT INTO tasks(task_id, type, payload_json, status, created_at, finished_at)
 VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, COALESCE((SELECT created_at FROM tasks WHERE task_id = ?), ?), ?)
 ON CONFLICT(task_id) DO UPDATE SET
@@ -67,19 +61,22 @@ ON CONFLICT(task_id) DO UPDATE SET
         return err
     }
 
-    if _, err := tx.Exec(`DELETE FROM task_devices WHERE task_id = ?`, task.ID); err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    for _, ds := range devices {
-        if _, err := tx.Exec(`
+    // Update device rows (separate atomic ops — no transaction needed).
+    if len(devices) > 0 {
+        if _, err := r.db.Exec(`DELETE FROM task_devices WHERE task_id = ?`, task.ID); err != nil {
+            return err
+        }
+        for _, ds := range devices {
+            if _, err := r.db.Exec(`
 INSERT INTO task_devices(task_id, device_id, status, progress, error_text)
 VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
 `, task.ID, ds.DeviceID, string(ds.Status), ds.Progress, ds.Error); err != nil {
-            return err
+                return err
+            }
         }
     }
 
-    return tx.Commit()
+    return nil
 }
 
 func (r *TasksRepo) List() ([]models.Task, error) {

internal/web/ui.go

@@ -1173,18 +1173,14 @@ func (u *UI) actionConsoleSave(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
         return
     }
 
-    // Step 3: run pipeline. Only persist to DB on success.
-    results, _ := u.autoConfig.BuildPipelineBatch(requests, true)
-
-    // Step 4: persist successful feature selections to DB.
-    for _, res := range results {
-        if res.Error == "" && res.TaskID != "" {
-            if feats, ok := formFeatures[res.DeviceID]; ok {
-                _ = u.preview.SaveDeviceFeatures(res.DeviceID, feats)
-            }
-        }
+    // Step 3: save features to DB BEFORE creating tasks (avoids SQLITE_BUSY race).
+    for _, req := range requests {
+        _ = u.preview.SaveDeviceFeatures(req.DeviceID, req.Features)
     }
 
+    // Step 4: run pipeline (creates tasks asynchronously).
+    results, _ := u.autoConfig.BuildPipelineBatch(requests, true)
+
     // Collect task IDs for redirect.
     taskIDs := make([]string, 0)
     var errs []string